You'll often see geometry split into macro and micro.
Macro geometry is mainly about the chip breaker,
the shape pressed or ground into the top of
the insert that bends and breaks the chip.
Micro geometry is the cutting edge itself,
how sharp or how rounded the edge is
or how much strength the edge has.
A simple way to think about it is this.
Macro geometry manages the chips,
micro geometry helps the edge survive the cut.